Hindi Debate

AMITY LAW SCHOOL, 

NOIDA

हिंदी वाद-विवाद प्रतियोगिता

(दिल्ली एन-सी-आर के विधि छात्रों के  लिये)

on 24^th sept 2013

विषय:-" क्या बलात्कार के आरोपियों को नाबालिक होने का बचाव मुनासिब?"

“अति आकर्षक पुरस्कार एवं नकद  इनाम”

REGISTER BY: -               20^th September 2013, at alsn.hindidebate@gmail.com


REGISTRATION FEE: -   ₹ 500 per team


VENUE: -                            Moot Court Hall, I-2 Block, Amity University,Noida sec-125


FURTHER DETAILS :-    amitylawschoolnoida.blogspot.com


CONTACT :-                      Ramaditya Tiwari – 9555415194
                                              Siddharth Sijoria -9871056081
                                              Anurag Andley – 9654419650

Hindi Debate

DESCRIPTION

Amity Law School, Noida is organising a Delhi and NCR level Legal Hindi debate competition on 24th September 2013.The topic of the debate is

 "बलात्कार के आरोपियों को नाबालिग होने का बचाव मुनासिब"

Students from all law programmes (5 years, 3 years and LL.M) are invited to take part.

The main event is on Tuesday,24^th September      
                                       
REGISTER BY: -  20^th September 2013,

at alsn.hindidebate@gmail.com

Trials for in-house students are on 4^th September

REGISTRATIONS RULES AND REGULATIONS

·        Registration is open for first 40 teams

·        Registration fee is ₹ 600 per team(team of 2)

·        Registration fees of  ₹ 600 can be paid by both DD(in favour of Amity University Uttar Pradesh payable at Noida or Delhi) and cash, provided that if the payment is in cash the participants will have to come to Amity Noida Campus, I-2 Block, 1st Floor, Faculty chamber number 106A and submit it to the student coordinator(See below).

·        On Desk Registration on arrival on the date of the event will take place from 9 am to 10 am. Registration will be blocked after 10 am.

·        Use of English will lead to negative marking

·        Carrying papers or help material is not allowed and may lead to disqualification

·        Participants will be provided high tea and lunch

·        The event may extend up to 6 pm (kindly plan your travel accordingly)

·        Participants are requested to bring their COLLEGE IDs on the date of the event at the time of registration.

·        Draw of  lots will take place therefore participants are requested to prepare for BOTH-FOR AND AGAINST the motion

·        Participants are requested to follow the dress code, Male-Kurta Pyjama, Female-Salwar Kameez(colour-black/white)

Time Limit

·               Prelims-4 min speech, 1 min rebuttal

·               Semi finals-10 min speech,2 min rebuttal

·               Finals-20 min speech,3 min rebuttal

For queries regarding registration contact-

Student coordinator

Ramaditya Tiwari-9555415194

Sakshi Chauhan   -9958962489

Rabbani Singh      -9717992258

Vidhi Bhasha, Vidhi Ki Shabdavali aur Vidhi Lekhan

Vidhi Bhasha, Vidhi Ki Shabdavali aur Vidhi Lekhan

हिंदी मूट प्रॉब्लम - षष्ठ सत्र !

vkijkf/kd naM izfØ;k (Cr. P.C.)

rFkk

Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk  (Indian Penal Code) Ikj vk/kkfjr

ewV izkWCye

vkfnR; ,d daI;wVj bathfu;j FkkA mldk fookg Vhuk ls gqvk FkkA jsgku mls vius fe=kksa esa lcls fiz; FkkA os dkWyst ds fnuksa ds nksLr rks Fks gh ( vc ,d gh dk;kZy; esa lkFk dke Hkh dj jgs FksA jsgku dk fookg ,yhuk ls gqvk FkkA

fnYyh esa ,d gh lkslkbVh esa jgus okys vkfnR; vkSj jsgku izk;% lkFk ?kwek djrs Fks vkSj yach ;k=kk ij fudy tk;k djrs FksA nksuksa dh ifRu;ksa esa Hkh vPNh fe=krk gks xbZA

,d ikVhZ esa vkfnR; vkSj jsgku us u'ks dh ek=kk vf/kd ys yh rFkk ,d&nwljs ds fy, viuh vklfDr dks iznf'kZr fd;kA mudh ifRu;ka O;kdqy gqbZa vkSj u'ks dh ml vf/kdrk esa mUgsa ?kj ys vkbZaA ?kj igqapdj Vhuk vkSj ,yhuk us vius ifr;ksa ds ml O;ogkj ij vkifRr fn[kkbZA vkfnR; dh iRuh us vkfnR; dks fQj dHkh jsgku ls feyus ds fy, euk fd;kA vkfnR; us iRuh ls dqN ugha dgk( fdarq dk;kZy; ls nsj ls vkuk 'kq# dj fn;k rFkk iRuh }kjk iwNus ij dHkh larqf"Vtud tcko ugha fn;kA ,d fnu Vhuk vius ekrk&firk ds ?kj ls ykSV dj vkbZ] rks iM+ksfl;ksa ls mls irk pyk fd mlds ihNs jsgku vkfnR; ls feyus vk;k FkkA iM+ksfl;ksa us f'kdk;r djrs gq, crk;k fd ,d cts ds yxHkx muds ?kj ls vkfnR; vkSj jsgku dh vthc lh vkoktsa vkrh FkhaA iM+ksfl;ksa ds fglkc ls mu fe=kksa dk ijLij O;ogkj lH; ugha FkkA   

ijs'kku Vhuk vkfnR; ds vkWfQl igqap xbZ] tgka mlus vius ifr dks jsgku ds lkFk vkifRrtud voLFkk esa ik;kA vkfnR; vkSj Vhuk ds chp cgl gqbZ vkSj vkfnR; us ?kks"k.kk dh fd og leySafxd gS rFkk jsgku ls 'kknh djuk pkgrk gSA

vius ifr ds O;ogkj ls Vhuk O;kdqy gqbZ vkSj LFkkuh; iqfyl Fkkus igqap xbZA ogka mlus Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk  (Indian Penal Code) dh /kkjk 377 ds vUrxZr vkfnR; vkSj jsgku ds fo#) izFke bfRryk fjiksVZ (,Q0vkbZ0vkj0) ntZ djkbZA iqfyl us f'kdk;r ntZ djus ls badkj dj fn;k rFkk lwfpr fd;k fd bl rjg dh fjiksVZ ntZ djkus ds izko/kku dks fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; us vlaoS/kkfud ?kksf"kr fd;k gSA blh le; vkfnR; us vius Qslcqd [kkrs esa [kqn dks leySafxd ?kksf"kr dj fn;k rFkk fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; dk gokyk nsrs gq, vius vkSj jsgku ds laca/k dks oS/k crk;kA

ihfM+r Vhuk us vkijkf/kd naM izfØ;k (Cr. P.C.) ds rgr /kkjk 156 (3) ds vUrxZr eftLVªsV ds le{k vkosnu fd;kA mlus ekax dh fd vnkyr iqfyl dks funsZ'k ns fd Vhuk ds ekeys dks jftLVj fd;k tk,] ekeys dh Nkuchu dh tk, D;ksafd Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 377 ds vUrxZr vkfnR; vkSj jsgku ds f[kykQ nkafMd vijk/k dk ekeyk curk gSA eftLVªsV us fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dks e/;sut+j j[krs gq, vkosnu dks [kkfjt djrs gq, dgk] Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 377 ds vUrxZr nks o;Ld lnL;ksa dh vkilh lgefr ls cuk, x, laca/kksa ij U;k;ky; vkifRr ugha dj ldrkA

eftLVªsV ds bl vkns'k ij Vhuk us mPp U;k;ky; esa vihy dh vkSj vkijkf/kd iqujh{k.k dh ekax dhA mPp U;k;ky; us Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 377 ds rgr la'kks/ku dks vekU; crk;k rFkk Vhuk ds vkosnu dks [kkfjt dj fn;kA

fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; ls vlger gksdj Vhuk us fo'ks"k ;kfpdk ds fy, lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 136 ds rgr lqizhe dksVZ esa vihy nk;j dj nhA Vhuk dh ;kfpdk ij lquokbZ gqbZ vkSj mPpre U;k;ky; us vkns'k fn;k fd mPp U;k;ky; esa nk;j dh xbZ Vhuk dh vihy ij Hkh lquokbZ gksA lHkh vihy ,d lkFk mPpre U;k;ky; ds le{k lquokbZ ds fy, ykbZ xbZaA                    

izfr;ksxh i{k vFkok foi{k esa ls fdlh ,d i{k dh vksj ls okn izLrqr djsaA 

हिंदी मूट प्रॉब्लम - चतुर्थ सत्र !

QSfeyh ykW ij vk/kkfjr ewV izkWCye

fouksn dk fookg lu~ 1940 esa laxhrk uke dh efgyk ls gqvkA vkjaHk esa mldh vkfFkZd fLFkfr cgqr vPNh ugha Fkh ( fdarq viuh esgur vkSj yxu ls mlus [kqn dks leFkZ cuk;k vkSj dkQh /ku dek;kA mldh Ng larkusa Fkha & 2 csfV;ka vkSj pkj iq=kA iqf=k;ksa ds fookg esa fouksn us Hkjiwj ngst fn;kA

fouksn ds pkj iq=kksa esa ls lcls NksVk iq=k nhid vfookfgr Fkk rFkk vU; rhuksa iq=k veu] fo'kky vkSj panz rhuksa fookfgr FksA fo'kky vkSj panz dh dksbZ larku ugha FkhA lcls cM+s iq=k veu ds nks cPps Fks & iq=k vkdk'k vkSj iq=kh vuqtkA  

lu~ 1967 esa ,d nq?kZVuk esa panz dh e`R;q gks xbZA mldh iRuh us lu~ 1968 esa ,d iq=k dks xksn fy;k ftldk ifjokj esa Hkjiwj fojks/k gqvkA mlds }kjk iq=k xksn ysus ds bl fu.kZ; dk leFkZu fo'kky us fd;kA ifjokj fo'kky ds bl O;ogkj ls ukjkt gqvkA nhid us la;qDr ifjokj dh laifRr esa ls viuk fgLlk vej ds cPpksa ds uke dj fn;kA nhid us vius [kqn ds iz;klksa ls tks laifRr dekbZ Fkh] og Hkh vuqtk dks ns nhA bl foHkktu ds dqN le; ckn gh nhid dh e`R;q gks xbZA   

fo'kky dh iRuh vej dh iRuh dh cgu FkhA fo'kky vkSj mldh iRuh ds fj'rs rukoiw.kZ gks x,A mlus viuh iRuh dks vi'kCn dgs rFkk ml ij cka> gksus dk vkjksi yxk;kA mldh iRuh ukjkt gksdj vius ekrk&firk ds ?kj vk xbZ rFkk viuk lkeku ykus dk nkf;Ro mlus viuh ukSdjkuh ij NksM+ fn;kA

iRuh ds u gksus ij fo'kky ds eu esa ukSdjkuh ds fy, vkd"kZ.k tkxk vkSj mlus mlls 'kknh djus dk oknk fd;kA og cktkj x;k] flanwj ysdj vk;k rFkk iwtk?kj ds lkeus mlus mlds ekFks ij flanwj yxk fn;kA 1970 esa fo'kky dh e`R;q gqbZ( rc rd fo'kky vkSj ukSdjkuh lkFk&lkFk jgsA fo'kky dh e`R;q ds nks eghus ckn ukSdjkuh dks iq=k izkIr gqvkA

lu~ 1971 esa laxhrk dh e`R;q gqbZA viuh iRuh dh e`R;q ls fouksn dks cgqr /kDdk yxk rFkk o"kZ Hkj ds Hkhrj gh mldh Hkh e`R;q gks xbZA vej T;s"B iq=k Fkk ( blfy, mlus drkZ ds :Ik esa inHkkj laHkkykA

panz vkSj fo'kky dh fo/kokvksa dks Hk; Fkk fd muds csVksa ds lkFk i{kikr fd;k tk ldrk gSA muds fgr dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, mUgksaus ,d eqdnek nk;j fd;k ftlesa mUgksaus la;qDr ifjokj dh laifRr esa ls viuk fgLlk ekaxk fd vius ifr dh laifRr esa ls mUgsa viuk fgLlk ugha fn;k x;k rFkk vius csVksa ds fgLls dh Hkh  ekax dhA nhid }kjk viuh laifRr migkj esa fn, tkus dks Hkh mUgksaus pqukSrh nhA

vej] mlds cPps vkSj fo'kky dh iRuh us nkok fd;k fd u rks xksn fy;k x;k iq=k panu rFkk u gh ukSdjkuh dk iq=k ckny muds iq=k gSa vkSj u gh fo/kok dks vius ifr dh laifRr esa ls viuk fgLlk ysus dk vf/kdkj gSA lkFk gh mUgksaus fo'kky vkSj ukSdjkuh dh 'kknh dks Hkh voS/k crk;k vkSj muds fookg dks pqukSrh nhA

izfr;ksxh i{k vFkok foi{k esa ls fdlh ,d i{k dh vksj ls okn izLrqr djsaA 

हिंदी मूट प्रॉब्लम - द्वितीय सत्र ! Hindi Moot Problem - 2nd Semester

lafonk ¼Contract½ ij vk/kkfjr ewV izkWCye

jkWdQksMZ cksfMZax Ldwy] osfyaxVu Hkkjr ds izfrf"Br fo|ky;ksa esa ls ,d gS ftldh LFkkiuk lu~ 1992 esa gqbZA ;g fo|ky; dsUnzh; ek/;fed f'k{kk eaMy ls laca) gS] tks ns'k esa lcls cM+k f'k{kk cksMZ gSA ernku ds vuqlkj] fiNys nl lkyksa ls ;g fo|ky; ns'k esa lcls vPNk cksfMZax Ldwy ekuk tkrk gSA bl fo|ky; esa 8]000 ls vf/kd Nk=k gSa rFkk f'k{k.k LVkQ dh la[;k 300 gSA

jkWdQksMZ dsanz vdknfed mRd`Vrk] ckSf)d fodkl] dyk] ,FkysfVDl] uSfrd tkx:drk] lkgl rFkk lkeqnkf;d lsok ds mPp ekudksa ds fy, pfpZr gSaA fo|ky; dh ijaijk vkSj O;kid ikB~;Øe izR;sd Nk=k ds thou dks xgjkbZ ls tksM+rk gSA Ldwy ds laLFkkidksa us lHkh {ks=kksa esa mRd`"Vrk ykus dh dksf'k'k rks dh gh gS] lkFk gh os bl vkn'kZ okD; ds izfr Hkh izfrc) gSa fd ^Lo;a ls igys nwljksa dh lsok!*

fojkV xks[kys uked Nk=k igys fnYyh ds ,d fo|ky; esa FkkA 19 tqykbZ 2012 dks LFkkukarfjr gksdj og osfyaxVu ds jkWdQksMZ cksfMZax Ldwy esa vk;kA fojkV dks [ksy ls cgqr yxko FkkA og jkT; Lrj dk ,d dq'ky fØdsV f[kykM+h FkkA mlus ,d izfr;ksfxrk esa lcls vf/kd NDds yxkus dk fjdkWMZ cuk;k rFkk nl xsanksa ij cgqr rsth ds lkFk ipkl ju cuk,A jkWdQksMZ Ldwy [ksy dh vU; xfrfof/k;ksa esa QqVckWy dks vf/kd izksRlkfgr djrk FkkA jkWdQksMZ esa Nk=kksa us fiNys dbZ o"kksZa esa dbZ VwukZesaV thrsA ns'k esa Ldwy dks ,d igpku feyh ( fdarq fØdsV ds fy, bl fo|ky; esa mruk tquwu ugha FkkA

fojkV tc jkWdQksMZ Ldwy esa igqaps rks ,d dq'ky fØdsV f[kykM+h ds :Ik esa mUgsa igpku feyhA dqN eghuksa ds muds iz;klksa us ,d fØdsV Vhe us tUe fy;kA bl fØdsV Vhe us cgqr ls VwukZesaV esa vius fo|ky; dk iathdj.k djk;k rFkk f[kykfM+;ksa ds izf'k{k.k dh izfØ;k vkjaHk gks xbZA

izf'k{k.k ds ckn dqN le; ds fy, varjky vk;kA f[kykfM+;ksa dks izrh{kk Fkh fd dgha [ksyus dk volj feysA 18 uoacj 2012 dks mUkdh izrh{kk lekIr gqbZ rFkk mUgsa [kyus dk volj izkIr gqvkA fojkV vkSj mldh fØdsV Vhe lqcg lqcg okWeZ&vi djus fQjkst [kku ØhM+k LFky ¼LVsfM;e½ esa igqaph] ftldh igpku fo|ky;ksa esa ,d izfrf"Br ØhM+k LFky ds :Ik esa FkhA okWeZ&vi ds nkSjku~ fØdsV Vhe ds lnL;ksa us fojkV ls laidZ fd;k rFkk mls crk;k fd mudh fØdsV Vhe dks ,d nLrkost ij gLrk{kj djus vko';d gSaA dqN Nk=kksa us bl nLrkost ij gLrk{kj djus ls badkj dj fn;kA mUgsa /kedk;k x;k fd ;fn os gLrk{kj ugha djsaxs rks mUgsa [kyus dk volj izkIr ugha gksxkA f[kykfM+;ksa dks ,d QkWeZ fn;k x;k ftlds ,d i`"B ij ifjp; dk dkWye Fkk ftlesa viuk uke] mez rFkk d{kk ds ckjs esa crkuk Fkk rFkk nwljs i`"B ij ,d le>kSrs dh ppkZ Fkh ftldk uke ^fjolZ vufHk'kalh le>kSrk* FkkA ;g le>kSrk 5 QkWUV ds cgqr NksVs vkdkj esa izdkf'kr FkkA fojkV esa vius uke ij gLrk{kj fd, vkSj bl le>kSrs ij ,d ut+j Mkyh ftlesa dqN 'kCnksa ij mldk /;ku x;k ( tSls & ^[ksy ds nkSjku~ gksus okyh*] ^gkfujfgr idM+*] ^ykijokgh ls dk;Z djuk* ^eSnku*] ^Qsadh xbZ xsans vkSj cYysckth* ^ekQh*] ^,d NwV dh rjg* vkfn ds lanHkZ esa dqN ckrsa FkhaA

fojkV ,d yacs le; ds ckn [ksy ds eSnku esa mrjk FkkA og [ksyus ds fy, cgqr vf/kd mRlkfgr FkkA brus NksVs vkdkj ds QkWUV esa fy[kh 'krksZa dks i<+us vkSj le>kSrs dks le>us esa le; u"V djuk mlus mfpr ugha le>kA vius gLrk{kj ds ckn og QkWeZ mlus viuh Vhe dks lkSai fn;kA mldh Vhe us Hkh 'krksZa dks i<+us esa le; ugha xaok;kA

o;ucxZ lksyh fo|ky;] uSuhrky ds f[kykQ [ksyus ds fy, fojkV vkSj mldh Vhe eSnku esa mrjhA vius l=k esa ;g mudk igyk eSp FkkA mUgksaus VkWl thrk vkSj mUgsa igys cYysckth djus dk ekSdk feykA mUgksaus 'kkunkj <ax ls [ksy [ksyk vkSj igys Ldksfjax nl vksoj esa 120 ju cuk;sA [ksy dks vius gkFk esa ysus ds fy, fojkV us vdsys ipkl ju cuk,A xsanckth ds nkSjku~ NksVs vksoj esa fojkV ,d xsan dks idM+us ds fy, nkSM+sA tSls gh og xsan dks idM+us ds fy, Hkkxs] eSnku ds ,d Ng bap xgjs xM~<+s esa mudk iSj /kalk vkSj os xaHkhj :Ik ls ?kk;y gks x,A ;g xM~<+k eSnku esa ,d Vªd ds dkj.k gqvk Fkk tks fiNys fnu bl txg ij [kM+k FkkA eSnku dh ckgjh lrg ij ,d iksy FkkA bl iksy ij ,d ¶yM ykbV {kfrxzLr Fkh ftldh ejEer ds fy, Vªd ogka [kM+k fd;k x;k FkkA

fojkV dks eSnku ls ckgj ys tk;k x;k vkSj vLirky esa nkf[ky fd;k x;kA ogka mls irk pyk] mldk Vduk VwV x;k gS vkSj vc og ,d lky rd [ksy ugha ik,xkA ;g tkudj HkkoukRed :Ik ls og cgqr ijs'kku gqvkA 

fojkV us jkWdQksMZ cksfMZax Ldwy] osfyaxVu ij ykijokgh ds fy, eqdnek nk;j fd;k vkSj {kfriwfrZ ds :Ik esa 11 yk[k #i;s dh ekax dhA fo|ky; us vius cpko ds fy, mlds gLrk{kj fd, gq, nLrkost is'k fd, tks mu nksuksa ds chp dk vuqca/k FkkA

izfr;ksxh i{k vFkok foi{k esa ls fdlh ,d i{k dh vksj ls okn izLrqr djsaA

हिंदी मूट प्रॉब्लम - द्वितीय, चतुर्थ और षष्ठ सत्र ! Hindi Moot Problem - 2nd, 4th & 6th Semester

lafonk ¼Contract½ ij vk/kkfjr ewV izkWCye

jkWdQksMZ cksfMZax Ldwy] osfyaxVu Hkkjr ds izfrf"Br fo|ky;ksa esa ls ,d gS ftldh LFkkiuk lu~ 1992 esa gqbZA ;g fo|ky; dsUnzh; ek/;fed f'k{kk eaMy ls laca) gS] tks ns'k esa lcls cM+k f'k{kk cksMZ gSA ernku ds vuqlkj] fiNys nl lkyksa ls ;g fo|ky; ns'k esa lcls vPNk cksfMZax Ldwy ekuk tkrk gSA bl fo|ky; esa 8]000 ls vf/kd Nk=k gSa rFkk f'k{k.k LVkQ dh la[;k 300 gSA

jkWdQksMZ dsanz vdknfed mRd`Vrk] ckSf)d fodkl] dyk] ,FkysfVDl] uSfrd tkx:drk] lkgl rFkk lkeqnkf;d lsok ds mPp ekudksa ds fy, pfpZr gSaA fo|ky; dh ijaijk vkSj O;kid ikB~;Øe izR;sd Nk=k ds thou dks xgjkbZ ls tksM+rk gSA Ldwy ds laLFkkidksa us lHkh {ks=kksa esa mRd`"Vrk ykus dh dksf'k'k rks dh gh gS] lkFk gh os bl vkn'kZ okD; ds izfr Hkh izfrc) gSa fd ^Lo;a ls igys nwljksa dh lsok!*

fojkV xks[kys uked Nk=k igys fnYyh ds ,d fo|ky; esa FkkA 19 tqykbZ 2012 dks LFkkukarfjr gksdj og osfyaxVu ds jkWdQksMZ cksfMZax Ldwy esa vk;kA fojkV dks [ksy ls cgqr yxko FkkA og jkT; Lrj dk ,d dq'ky fØdsV f[kykM+h FkkA mlus ,d izfr;ksfxrk esa lcls vf/kd NDds yxkus dk fjdkWMZ cuk;k rFkk nl xsanksa ij cgqr rsth ds lkFk ipkl ju cuk,A jkWdQksMZ Ldwy [ksy dh vU; xfrfof/k;ksa esa QqVckWy dks vf/kd izksRlkfgr djrk FkkA jkWdQksMZ esa Nk=kksa us fiNys dbZ o"kksZa esa dbZ VwukZesaV thrsA ns'k esa Ldwy dks ,d igpku feyh ( fdarq fØdsV ds fy, bl fo|ky; esa mruk tquwu ugha FkkA

fojkV tc jkWdQksMZ Ldwy esa igqaps rks ,d dq'ky fØdsV f[kykM+h ds :Ik esa mUgsa igpku feyhA dqN eghuksa ds muds iz;klksa us ,d fØdsV Vhe us tUe fy;kA bl fØdsV Vhe us cgqr ls VwukZesaV esa vius fo|ky; dk iathdj.k djk;k rFkk f[kykfM+;ksa ds izf'k{k.k dh izfØ;k vkjaHk gks xbZA

izf'k{k.k ds ckn dqN le; ds fy, varjky vk;kA f[kykfM+;ksa dks izrh{kk Fkh fd dgha [ksyus dk volj feysA 18 uoacj 2012 dks mUkdh izrh{kk lekIr gqbZ rFkk mUgsa [kyus dk volj izkIr gqvkA fojkV vkSj mldh fØdsV Vhe lqcg lqcg okWeZ&vi djus fQjkst [kku ØhM+k LFky ¼LVsfM;e½ esa igqaph] ftldh igpku fo|ky;ksa esa ,d izfrf"Br ØhM+k LFky ds :Ik esa FkhA okWeZ&vi ds nkSjku~ fØdsV Vhe ds lnL;ksa us fojkV ls laidZ fd;k rFkk mls crk;k fd mudh fØdsV Vhe dks ,d nLrkost ij gLrk{kj djus vko';d gSaA dqN Nk=kksa us bl nLrkost ij gLrk{kj djus ls badkj dj fn;kA mUgsa /kedk;k x;k fd ;fn os gLrk{kj ugha djsaxs rks mUgsa [kyus dk volj izkIr ugha gksxkA f[kykfM+;ksa dks ,d QkWeZ fn;k x;k ftlds ,d i`"B ij ifjp; dk dkWye Fkk ftlesa viuk uke] mez rFkk d{kk ds ckjs esa crkuk Fkk rFkk nwljs i`"B ij ,d le>kSrs dh ppkZ Fkh ftldk uke ^fjolZ vufHk'kalh le>kSrk* FkkA ;g le>kSrk 5 QkWUV ds cgqr NksVs vkdkj esa izdkf'kr FkkA fojkV esa vius uke ij gLrk{kj fd, vkSj bl le>kSrs ij ,d ut+j Mkyh ftlesa dqN 'kCnksa ij mldk /;ku x;k ( tSls & ^[ksy ds nkSjku~ gksus okyh*] ^gkfujfgr idM+*] ^ykijokgh ls dk;Z djuk* ^eSnku*] ^Qsadh xbZ xsans vkSj cYysckth* ^ekQh*] ^,d NwV dh rjg* vkfn ds lanHkZ esa dqN ckrsa FkhaA

fojkV ,d yacs le; ds ckn [ksy ds eSnku esa mrjk FkkA og [ksyus ds fy, cgqr vf/kd mRlkfgr FkkA brus NksVs vkdkj ds QkWUV esa fy[kh 'krksZa dks i<+us vkSj le>kSrs dks le>us esa le; u"V djuk mlus mfpr ugha le>kA vius gLrk{kj ds ckn og QkWeZ mlus viuh Vhe dks lkSai fn;kA mldh Vhe us Hkh 'krksZa dks i<+us esa le; ugha xaok;kA

o;ucxZ lksyh fo|ky;] uSuhrky ds f[kykQ [ksyus ds fy, fojkV vkSj mldh Vhe eSnku esa mrjhA vius l=k esa ;g mudk igyk eSp FkkA mUgksaus VkWl thrk vkSj mUgsa igys cYysckth djus dk ekSdk feykA mUgksaus 'kkunkj <ax ls [ksy [ksyk vkSj igys Ldksfjax nl vksoj esa 120 ju cuk;sA [ksy dks vius gkFk esa ysus ds fy, fojkV us vdsys ipkl ju cuk,A xsanckth ds nkSjku~ NksVs vksoj esa fojkV ,d xsan dks idM+us ds fy, nkSM+sA tSls gh og xsan dks idM+us ds fy, Hkkxs] eSnku ds ,d Ng bap xgjs xM~<+s esa mudk iSj /kalk vkSj os xaHkhj :Ik ls ?kk;y gks x,A ;g xM~<+k eSnku esa ,d Vªd ds dkj.k gqvk Fkk tks fiNys fnu bl txg ij [kM+k FkkA eSnku dh ckgjh lrg ij ,d iksy FkkA bl iksy ij ,d ¶yM ykbV {kfrxzLr Fkh ftldh ejEer ds fy, Vªd ogka [kM+k fd;k x;k FkkA

fojkV dks eSnku ls ckgj ys tk;k x;k vkSj vLirky esa nkf[ky fd;k x;kA ogka mls irk pyk] mldk Vduk VwV x;k gS vkSj vc og ,d lky rd [ksy ugha ik,xkA ;g tkudj HkkoukRed :Ik ls og cgqr ijs'kku gqvkA 

fojkV us jkWdQksMZ cksfMZax Ldwy] osfyaxVu ij ykijokgh ds fy, eqdnek nk;j fd;k vkSj {kfriwfrZ ds :Ik esa 11 yk[k #i;s dh ekax dhA fo|ky; us vius cpko ds fy, mlds gLrk{kj fd, gq, nLrkost is'k fd, tks mu nksuksa ds chp dk vuqca/k FkkA

izfr;ksxh i{k vFkok foi{k esa ls fdlh ,d i{k dh vksj ls okn izLrqr djsaA

QSfeyh ykW ij vk/kkfjr ewV izkWCye

fouksn dk fookg lu~ 1940 esa laxhrk uke dh efgyk ls gqvkA vkjaHk esa mldh vkfFkZd fLFkfr cgqr vPNh ugha Fkh ( fdarq viuh esgur vkSj yxu ls mlus [kqn dks leFkZ cuk;k vkSj dkQh /ku dek;kA mldh Ng larkusa Fkha & 2 csfV;ka vkSj pkj iq=kA iqf=k;ksa ds fookg esa fouksn us Hkjiwj ngst fn;kA

fouksn ds pkj iq=kksa esa ls lcls NksVk iq=k nhid vfookfgr Fkk rFkk vU; rhuksa iq=k veu] fo'kky vkSj panz rhuksa fookfgr FksA fo'kky vkSj panz dh dksbZ larku ugha FkhA lcls cM+s iq=k veu ds nks cPps Fks & iq=k vkdk'k vkSj iq=kh vuqtkA  

lu~ 1967 esa ,d nq?kZVuk esa panz dh e`R;q gks xbZA mldh iRuh us lu~ 1968 esa ,d iq=k dks xksn fy;k ftldk ifjokj esa Hkjiwj fojks/k gqvkA mlds }kjk iq=k xksn ysus ds bl fu.kZ; dk leFkZu fo'kky us fd;kA ifjokj fo'kky ds bl O;ogkj ls ukjkt gqvkA nhid us la;qDr ifjokj dh laifRr esa ls viuk fgLlk vej ds cPpksa ds uke dj fn;kA nhid us vius [kqn ds iz;klksa ls tks laifRr dekbZ Fkh] og Hkh vuqtk dks ns nhA bl foHkktu ds dqN le; ckn gh nhid dh e`R;q gks xbZA   

fo'kky dh iRuh vej dh iRuh dh cgu FkhA fo'kky vkSj mldh iRuh ds fj'rs rukoiw.kZ gks x,A mlus viuh iRuh dks vi'kCn dgs rFkk ml ij cka> gksus dk vkjksi yxk;kA mldh iRuh ukjkt gksdj vius ekrk&firk ds ?kj vk xbZ rFkk viuk lkeku ykus dk nkf;Ro mlus viuh ukSdjkuh ij NksM+ fn;kA

iRuh ds u gksus ij fo'kky ds eu esa ukSdjkuh ds fy, vkd"kZ.k tkxk vkSj mlus mlls 'kknh djus dk oknk fd;kA og cktkj x;k] flanwj ysdj vk;k rFkk iwtk?kj ds lkeus mlus mlds ekFks ij flanwj yxk fn;kA 1970 esa fo'kky dh e`R;q gqbZ( rc rd fo'kky vkSj ukSdjkuh lkFk&lkFk jgsA fo'kky dh e`R;q ds nks eghus ckn ukSdjkuh dks iq=k izkIr gqvkA

lu~ 1971 esa laxhrk dh e`R;q gqbZA viuh iRuh dh e`R;q ls fouksn dks cgqr /kDdk yxk rFkk o"kZ Hkj ds Hkhrj gh mldh Hkh e`R;q gks xbZA vej T;s"B iq=k Fkk ( blfy, mlus drkZ ds :Ik esa inHkkj laHkkykA

panz vkSj fo'kky dh fo/kokvksa dks Hk; Fkk fd muds csVksa ds lkFk i{kikr fd;k tk ldrk gSA muds fgr dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, mUgksaus ,d eqdnek nk;j fd;k ftlesa mUgksaus la;qDr ifjokj dh laifRr esa ls viuk fgLlk ekaxk fd vius ifr dh laifRr esa ls mUgsa viuk fgLlk ugha fn;k x;k rFkk vius csVksa ds fgLls dh Hkh  ekax dhA nhid }kjk viuh laifRr migkj esa fn, tkus dks Hkh mUgksaus pqukSrh nhA

vej] mlds cPps vkSj fo'kky dh iRuh us nkok fd;k fd u rks xksn fy;k x;k iq=k panu rFkk u gh ukSdjkuh dk iq=k ckny muds iq=k gSa vkSj u gh fo/kok dks vius ifr dh laifRr esa ls viuk fgLlk ysus dk vf/kdkj gSA lkFk gh mUgksaus fo'kky vkSj ukSdjkuh dh 'kknh dks Hkh voS/k crk;k vkSj muds fookg dks pqukSrh nhA

izfr;ksxh i{k vFkok foi{k esa ls fdlh ,d i{k dh vksj ls okn izLrqr djsaA 

vkijkf/kd naM izfØ;k (Cr. P.C.)

rFkk

Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk  (Indian Penal Code) Ikj vk/kkfjr

ewV izkWCye

vkfnR; ,d daI;wVj bathfu;j FkkA mldk fookg Vhuk ls gqvk FkkA jsgku mls vius fe=kksa esa lcls fiz; FkkA os dkWyst ds fnuksa ds nksLr rks Fks gh ( vc ,d gh dk;kZy; esa lkFk dke Hkh dj jgs FksA jsgku dk fookg ,yhuk ls gqvk FkkA

fnYyh esa ,d gh lkslkbVh esa jgus okys vkfnR; vkSj jsgku izk;% lkFk ?kwek djrs Fks vkSj yach ;k=kk ij fudy tk;k djrs FksA nksuksa dh ifRu;ksa esa Hkh vPNh fe=krk gks xbZA

,d ikVhZ esa vkfnR; vkSj jsgku us u'ks dh ek=kk vf/kd ys yh rFkk ,d&nwljs ds fy, viuh vklfDr dks iznf'kZr fd;kA mudh ifRu;ka O;kdqy gqbZa vkSj u'ks dh ml vf/kdrk esa mUgsa ?kj ys vkbZaA ?kj igqapdj Vhuk vkSj ,yhuk us vius ifr;ksa ds ml O;ogkj ij vkifRr fn[kkbZA vkfnR; dh iRuh us vkfnR; dks fQj dHkh jsgku ls feyus ds fy, euk fd;kA vkfnR; us iRuh ls dqN ugha dgk( fdarq dk;kZy; ls nsj ls vkuk 'kq# dj fn;k rFkk iRuh }kjk iwNus ij dHkh larqf"Vtud tcko ugha fn;kA ,d fnu Vhuk vius ekrk&firk ds ?kj ls ykSV dj vkbZ] rks iM+ksfl;ksa ls mls irk pyk fd mlds ihNs jsgku vkfnR; ls feyus vk;k FkkA iM+ksfl;ksa us f'kdk;r djrs gq, crk;k fd ,d cts ds yxHkx muds ?kj ls vkfnR; vkSj jsgku dh vthc lh vkoktsa vkrh FkhaA iM+ksfl;ksa ds fglkc ls mu fe=kksa dk ijLij O;ogkj lH; ugha FkkA   

ijs'kku Vhuk vkfnR; ds vkWfQl igqap xbZ] tgka mlus vius ifr dks jsgku ds lkFk vkifRrtud voLFkk esa ik;kA vkfnR; vkSj Vhuk ds chp cgl gqbZ vkSj vkfnR; us ?kks"k.kk dh fd og leySafxd gS rFkk jsgku ls 'kknh djuk pkgrk gSA

vius ifr ds O;ogkj ls Vhuk O;kdqy gqbZ vkSj LFkkuh; iqfyl Fkkus igqap xbZA ogka mlus Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk  (Indian Penal Code) dh /kkjk 377 ds vUrxZr vkfnR; vkSj jsgku ds fo#) izFke bfRryk fjiksVZ (,Q0vkbZ0vkj0) ntZ djkbZA iqfyl us f'kdk;r ntZ djus ls badkj dj fn;k rFkk lwfpr fd;k fd bl rjg dh fjiksVZ ntZ djkus ds izko/kku dks fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; us vlaoS/kkfud ?kksf"kr fd;k gSA blh le; vkfnR; us vius Qslcqd [kkrs esa [kqn dks leySafxd ?kksf"kr dj fn;k rFkk fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; dk gokyk nsrs gq, vius vkSj jsgku ds laca/k dks oS/k crk;kA

ihfM+r Vhuk us vkijkf/kd naM izfØ;k (Cr. P.C.) ds rgr /kkjk 156 (3) ds vUrxZr eftLVªsV ds le{k vkosnu fd;kA mlus ekax dh fd vnkyr iqfyl dks funsZ'k ns fd Vhuk ds ekeys dks jftLVj fd;k tk,] ekeys dh Nkuchu dh tk, D;ksafd Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 377 ds vUrxZr vkfnR; vkSj jsgku ds f[kykQ nkafMd vijk/k dk ekeyk curk gSA eftLVªsV us fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; dks e/;sut+j j[krs gq, vkosnu dks [kkfjt djrs gq, dgk] Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 377 ds vUrxZr nks o;Ld lnL;ksa dh vkilh lgefr ls cuk, x, laca/kksa ij U;k;ky; vkifRr ugha dj ldrkA

eftLVªsV ds bl vkns'k ij Vhuk us mPp U;k;ky; esa vihy dh vkSj vkijkf/kd iqujh{k.k dh ekax dhA mPp U;k;ky; us Hkkjrh; naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 377 ds rgr la'kks/ku dks vekU; crk;k rFkk Vhuk ds vkosnu dks [kkfjt dj fn;kA

fnYyh mPp U;k;ky; ds fu.kZ; ls vlger gksdj Vhuk us fo'ks"k ;kfpdk ds fy, lafo/kku ds vuqPNsn 136 ds rgr lqizhe dksVZ esa vihy nk;j dj nhA Vhuk dh ;kfpdk ij lquokbZ gqbZ vkSj mPpre U;k;ky; us vkns'k fn;k fd mPp U;k;ky; esa nk;j dh xbZ Vhuk dh vihy ij Hkh lquokbZ gksA lHkh vihy ,d lkFk mPpre U;k;ky; ds le{k lquokbZ ds fy, ykbZ xbZaA                    

izfr;ksxh i{k vFkok foi{k esa ls fdlh ,d i{k dh vksj ls okn izLrqr djsaA